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 Android教程網 >> Android技術 >> 關於Android編程 >> Android WebView 上傳文件支持全解析

Android WebView 上傳文件支持全解析

編輯:關於Android編程

默認情況下情況下,使用Android的WebView是不能夠支持上傳文件的。而這個,也是在我們的前端工程師告知之後才了解的。因為Android的每個版本WebView的實現有差異,因此需要對不同版本去適配。花了一點時間,參考別人的代碼,這個問題已經解決,這裡把我踩過的坑分享出來。
主要思路是重寫WebChromeClient,然後在WebViewActivity中接收選擇到的文件Uri,傳給頁面去上傳就可以了。
創建一個WebViewActivity的內部類

public class XHSWebChromeClient extends WebChromeClient {

  // For Android 3.0+
  public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback");
    if (mUploadMessage != null) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
    }
    mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    i.setType("*/*");
    startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);
  }

  // For Android 3.0+
  public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback has accept Type" + acceptType);
    if (mUploadMessage != null) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
    }
    mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    String type = TextUtils.isEmpty(acceptType) ? "*/*" : acceptType;
    i.setType(type);
    startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"),
        FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);
  }

  // For Android 4.1
  public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "in openFile Uri Callback has accept Type" + acceptType + "has capture" + capture);
    if (mUploadMessage != null) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
    }
    mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    String type = TextUtils.isEmpty(acceptType) ? "*/*" : acceptType;
    i.setType(type);
    startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);
  }


//Android 5.0+
  @Override
  @SuppressLint("NewApi")
  public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
    if (mUploadMessage != null) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
    }
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "file chooser params:" + fileChooserParams.toString());
    mUploadMessage = filePathCallback;
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
    i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
    if (fileChooserParams != null && fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes() != null
        && fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes().length > 0) {
      i.setType(fileChooserParams.getAcceptTypes()[0]);
    } else {
      i.setType("*/*");
    }
    startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(i, "File Chooser"), FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE);
    return true;
  }
}

上面openFileChooser是系統未暴露的接口,因此不需要加Override的注解,同時不同版本有不同的參數,其中的參數,第一個ValueCallback用於我們在選擇完文件後,接收文件回調到網頁內處理,acceptType為接受的文件mime type。在Android 5.0之後,系統提供了onShowFileChooser來讓我們實現選擇文件的方法,仍然有ValueCallback,在FileChooserParams參數中,同樣包括acceptType。我們可以根據acceptType,來打開系統的或者我們自己創建文件選擇器。當然如果需要打開相機拍照,也可以自己去使用打開相機拍照的Intent去打開即可。
處理選擇的文件
以上是打開響應的選擇文件的界面,我們還需要處理接收到文件之後,傳給網頁來響應。因為我們前面是使用startActivityForResult來打開的選擇頁面,我們會在onActivityResult中接收到選擇的結果。Show code:

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
  super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
  if (requestCode == FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE) {
    if (null == mUploadMessage) return;
    Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
    if (result == null) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
      mUploadMessage = null;
      return;
    }
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "onActivityResult" + result.toString());
    String path = FileUtils.getPath(this, result);
    if (TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
      mUploadMessage = null;
      return;
    }
    Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(path));
    CLog.i("UPFILE", "onActivityResult after parser uri:" + uri.toString());
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{uri});
    } else {
      mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(uri);
    }

    mUploadMessage = null;
  }
}

以上代碼主要就是調用ValueCallback的onReceiveValue方法,將結果傳回web。
注意,其他要說的,重要
由於不同版本的差別,Android 5.0以下的版本,ValueCallback 的onReceiveValue接收的參數類型是Uri, 5.0及以上版本接收的是Uri數組,在傳值的時候需要注意。
選擇文件會使用系統提供的組件或者其他支持的app,返回的uri有的直接是文件的url,有的是contentprovider的uri,因此我們需要統一處理一下,轉成文件的uri,可參考以下代碼(獲取文件的路徑)。
調用getPath可以將Uri轉成真實文件的Path,然後可以自己生成文件的Uri

public class FileUtils {
  /**
   * @param uri The Uri to check.
   * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
   */
  public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
  }

  /**
   * @param uri The Uri to check.
   * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
   */
  public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
  }

  /**
   * @param uri The Uri to check.
   * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
   */
  public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
    return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
  }

  /**
   * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
   * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
   *
   * @param context The context.
   * @param uri The Uri to query.
   * @param selection (Optional) Filter used in the query.
   * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
   * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
   */
  public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
                    String[] selectionArgs) {

    Cursor cursor = null;
    final String column = "_data";
    final String[] projection = {
        column
    };

    try {
      cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
          null);
      if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
        final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
        return cursor.getString(column_index);
      }
    } finally {
      if (cursor != null)
        cursor.close();
    }
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * Get a file path from a Uri. This will get the the path for Storage Access
   * Framework Documents, as well as the _data field for the MediaStore and
   * other file-based ContentProviders.
   *
   * @param context The context.
   * @param uri The Uri to query.
   * @author paulburke
   */
  @SuppressLint("NewApi")
  public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

    final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;

    // DocumentProvider
    if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
      // ExternalStorageProvider
      if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
        final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
        final String[] split = docId.split(":");
        final String type = split[0];

        if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
          return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
        }

        // TODO handle non-primary volumes
      }
      // DownloadsProvider
      else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

        final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
        final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
            Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

        return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
      }
      // MediaProvider
      else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
        final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
        final String[] split = docId.split(":");
        final String type = split[0];

        Uri contentUri = null;
        if ("image".equals(type)) {
          contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
          contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
          contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        }

        final String selection = "_id=?";
        final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {
            split[1]
        };

        return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
      }
    }
    // MediaStore (and general)
    else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
      return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
    }
    // File
    else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
      return uri.getPath();
    }

    return null;
  }

}

再有,即使獲取的結果為null,也要傳給web,即直接調用mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null),否則網頁會阻塞。
最後,在打release包的時候,因為我們會混淆,要特別設置不要混淆WebChromeClient子類裡面的openFileChooser方法,由於不是繼承的方法,所以默認會被混淆,然後就無法選擇文件了。
就這樣吧。
原文地址:http://blog.isming.me/2015/12/21/android-webview-upload-file/

以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持本站。

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