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使用android中的AIDL讓Service與Activity通信(service回調activity)

編輯：中級開發

這幾天搞了搞AIDL,終於弄明白了在AIDL中讓Service調用Activity的方法
代碼:
首先建立一個ICallback.aidl文件,作為Activity中的回調方法

package com.zhang.test.service;
interface ICallback {
void showResult(int result);
}

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然後再建立一個IService.aidl用來在Activity中接收Service回調,以及在Service中onBind時返回的Binder
注意:aidl中import不能寫com.xxx.*,要寫全類的路徑

package com.zhang.test.service;
import com.zhang.test.service.ICallback;
interface IService {
void registerCallback(ICallback cb);
void unregisterCallback(ICallback cb);
}

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接下來是service:
MainService.Java

package com.zhang.test.service;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.RemoteCallbackList;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
public class MainService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "MainService";
private RemoteCallbackList<icallback> mCallbacks = new RemoteCallbackList<icallback>();
private IService.Stub mBinder = new IService.Stub() {
@Override
public void unregisterCallback(ICallback cb){
if(cb != null) {
mCallbacks.unregister(cb);
}
}
@Override
public void registerCallback(ICallback cb){
if(cb != null) {
mCallbacks.register(cb);
}
}
};
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.d(TAG, "onBind");
return mBinder;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
//這裡不知道為什麼,直接使用callback方法回調showResult
//mCallbacks.beginBroadcast()是0,需要用handler延遲1000毫秒
//也許是在activity中binService太耗時的原因?
mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(0, 1000);
super.onCreate();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
mHandler.removeMessages(0);
mCallbacks.kill();
super.onDestroy();
}
private void callBack() {
int N = mCallbacks.beginBroadcast();
try {
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
mCallbacks.getBroadcastItem(i).showResult(i);
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "", e);
}
mCallbacks.finishBroadcast();
}
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
callBack();
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
}
</icallback></icallback>

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然後是activity:

package com.zhang.test;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import com.zhang.test.service.ICallback;
import com.zhang.test.service.IService;
import com.zhang.test.service.MainService;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private IService mService;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentVIEw(R.layout.main);
Intent i = new Intent(this, MainService.class);
bindService(i, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
if(mService!=null){
try {
mService.unregisterCallback(mCallback);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "", e);
}
}
//destroy的時候不要忘記unbindService
unbindService(mConnection);
super.onDestroy();
}
/**
* service的回調方法
*/
private ICallback.Stub mCallback = new ICallback.Stub() {
@Override
public void showResult(int result) {
Log.d(TAG, " result : " + result);
}
};
/**
* 注冊connection
*/
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.d(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected");
mService = null;
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.d(TAG, "onServiceConnected");
mService = IService.Stub.asInterface(service);
try {
mService.registerCallback(mCallback);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "", e);
}
}
};
}

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最後不要忘記在manifest中加上service標記:

<service android:name=".service.MainService">
</service>

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運行程序,查看Logcat
結果如下:

總結:
通過aidl總算實現了Service與Activity的通信,寫起來麻煩點,使用諸如ContentProvider,Broadcast等也可以實現.
這樣做很像是在使用MVC設計模式(Activity負責VIEw,Service以及其他類負責 Model,aidl(ServiceConnection)負責Controller),其實我對於aidl也是一知半解- -,明天研究下如何讓activity去調用service中的方法.

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