Android開發之藍牙(Bluetooth)操作(一)--掃描已經配對的藍牙設備

一. 什麼是藍牙(Bluetooth)?

1.1  BuleTooth是目前使用最廣泛的無線通信協議

1.2  主要針對短距離設備通訊(10m)

1.3  常用於連接耳機，鼠標和移動通訊設備等.

二. 與藍牙相關的API

2.1 BluetoothAdapter:

代表了本地的藍牙適配器

2.2 BluetoothDevice

代表了一個遠程的Bluetooth設備

三. 掃描已經配對的藍牙設備(1)

注：必須部署在真實手機上，模擬器無法實現

首先需要在AndroidManifest.xml 聲明藍牙權限

<user-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

配對藍牙需要手動操作:

1. 打開設置--> 無線網絡 --> 藍牙 勾選開啟

2. 打開藍牙設置  掃描周圍已經開啟的藍牙設備(可以與自己的筆記本電腦進行配對)，點擊進行配對

 電腦上會彈出提示窗口: 添加設備

 顯示計算與設備之間的配對碼，要求確認是否配對

 手機上也會顯示類似的提示.

四. 掃描已經配對的藍牙設備(2)

4.1 獲得BluetoothAdapter對象

4.2 判斷當前移動設備中是否擁有藍牙

4.3 判斷當前移動設備中藍牙是否已經打開

4.4 得到所有已經配對的藍牙設備對象

實現代碼如下:

MainActivity:

[java]
import java.util.Iterator; 
import java.util.Set; 
 
import android.app.Activity; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; 
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; 
import android.content.Intent; 
import android.os.Bundle; 
import android.view.View; 
import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
import android.widget.Button; 
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
    private Button button = null; 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
    @Override 
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
        setContentView(R.layout.main); 
         
        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonId); 
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ 
 
            @Override 
            public void onClick(View v) { 
                //獲得BluetoothAdapter對象，該API是android 2.0開始支持的  
                BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); 
                //adapter不等於null，說明本機有藍牙設備  
                if(adapter != null){ 
                    System.out.println("本機有藍牙設備！"); 
                    //如果藍牙設備未開啟  
                    if(!adapter.isEnabled()){ 
                        Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); 
                        //請求開啟藍牙設備  
                        startActivity(intent); 
                    } 
                    //獲得已配對的遠程藍牙設備的集合  
                    Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices(); 
                    if(devices.size()>0){ 
                        for(Iterator<BluetoothDevice> it = devices.iterator();it.hasNext();){ 
                            BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice)it.next(); 
                            //打印出遠程藍牙設備的物理地址  
                            System.out.println(device.getAddress()); 
                        } 
                    }else{ 
                        System.out.println("還沒有已配對的遠程藍牙設備！"); 
                    } 
                }else{ 
                    System.out.println("本機沒有藍牙設備！"); 
                } 
            } 
        }); 
    } 
} 

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 private Button button = null;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
       
        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.buttonId);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){

   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    //獲得BluetoothAdapter對象，該API是android 2.0開始支持的
    BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    //adapter不等於null，說明本機有藍牙設備
    if(adapter != null){
     System.out.println("本機有藍牙設備！");
     //如果藍牙設備未開啟
     if(!adapter.isEnabled()){
      Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
      //請求開啟藍牙設備
      startActivity(intent);
     }
     //獲得已配對的遠程藍牙設備的集合
     Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = adapter.getBondedDevices();
     if(devices.size()>0){
      for(Iterator<BluetoothDevice> it = devices.iterator();it.hasNext();){
       BluetoothDevice device = (BluetoothDevice)it.next();
       //打印出遠程藍牙設備的物理地址
       System.out.println(device.getAddress());
      }
     }else{
      System.out.println("還沒有已配對的遠程藍牙設備！");
     }
    }else{
     System.out.println("本機沒有藍牙設備！");
    }
   }
        });
    }
}